Career Opportunities

Explore the various career opportunities available after earning a degree in mathematics.

Article mis à jour le 03.11.2026 Publié le 25.06.2025

A Ph.D.

Eighty percent of the department’s students go on to pursue a Ph.D. after completing their degree at the School.
They are divided into four groups: applied mathematics, fundamental mathematics, physics-economics-finance, and computer science.

Upon completion of their dissertations, they take up positions as:

  • Research Associates (CR) at the CNRS, CEA, INRIA, and INRA, abroad
  • Lecturers (MdC) or assistant professors or university professors
  • Post-doc: postdoctoral research following the dissertation in a French laboratory or, often, abroad. The postdoc often serves as a bridge between the thesis defense and a permanent position.
  • Preparatory instructors (AGPR) or temporary teaching assistants (ATER) in higher education are non-tenure-track positions
  • In the private sector following their dissertation

Teaching

  • Secondary school teachers or CPGE instructors (PR CPGE)
    Most students who choose to teach immediately after graduating from graduate school are assigned to high school classes. They may also teach in preparatory classes for the grandes écoles (CPGE).

Careers in public institutions

Others generally pursue careers outside of teaching or research in public institutions.

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